As the global energy transition accelerates, energy storage systems have become an essential part of the industrial and commercial sectors. It can not only optimize energy use and reduce electricity costs, but also enhance the sustainable development capabilities of enterprises. This article will delve into the core requirements of industrial and commercial energy storage systems, from multiple dimensions such as economy, reliability, sustainability to value-added services, and analyze how energy storage systems bring all-round value to industrial and commercial users.
The core needs of industrial and commercial users for energy storage systems are mainly divided into four categories: economic needs, reliability needs, sustainable needs and value-added service needs.
Economic demand includes peak-valley arbitrage and demand management, as well as policy arbitrage and subsidy application. reliability requirements use energy storage systems as backup power sources to cope with special scenarios such as power outages and power outages to ensure production continuity and protect critical equipment. In recent years, based on the national dual carbon policy, enterprises have put forward the demand for emission reduction and green electricity access, which also needs to be consumed through energy storage systems. Finally, the value-added services realized by energy storage systems combined with software applications, including value-added services such as energy management, demand-side response, and power trading, as well as power asset financialization (capacity leasing) business.
1. Economic demand
1.1 Electricity price optimization
Electricity bills for business users are usually made up of:Electricity bill(Measure electricity bill) orCapacity electricity charges(demand electricity tariff), which also includes complex electricity bill measurement methods such as time-of-use electricity price and peak electricity price. In this context, industrial and commercial users can rely on energy storage systems to optimize electricity costs, mainly through peak-valley arbitrage and demand management.
Peak and valley arbitrage:It refers to the use of the difference in electricity prices during peak and valley electricity consumption periods, through the charging and discharging strategies of energy storage systems, to realize charging during the valley power period and discharge during the peak power period, so as to reduce the overall electricity cost.
Peak and valley arbitrage economics assumptions are calculated:
The peak-to-valley electricity price difference in most parts of China can reach 0.6-1.2 yuan/kWh, taking medium-sized manufacturing enterprises as an example (annual electricity consumption of 100-5 million kWh), the distribution and storage capacity is generally 200-1000kWh.
Hypothetical case: Taking Zhejiang Province as an example, assuming that the annual electricity consumption of manufacturing enterprises is 3 million kWh. The peak electricity in the area is 0.3 yuan, the valley electricity is 1 yuan, and the flat section electricity price is 0.7 yuan. The company uses a two-shift system, day shift (8h=8:00-16:00) + night shift (8h=16:00-24:00), production is carried out, day shift is peak electricity, night shift is flat section electricity price. It can be calculated that the annual electricity cost of the enterprise is 1,500,000 (300w*1/2*1) + 1,050,000 = 2,550,000 yuan.
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Assuming that the company allocates a 200kWh energy storage system for peak-valley electricity price optimization and adopts a daily/charging/discharging strategy, it can optimize about one year through peak-valley arbitrage51，100The cost of electricity is about to account for the total cost of electricity2%。
Demand management
Demand management refers to the strategy of enterprises to reduce the maximum electricity demand (peak power demand) by optimizing electricity consumption behavior or configuring technical means, so as to reduce the demand electricity bill/capacity electricity bill expenditure in the electricity bill. Its core goal is to “shave peaks and fill valleys” to avoid high costs caused by short-term high-power electricity consumption.
It is billed according to the maximum demand (kW) or transformer capacity (kVA) of the enterprise, and the unit price is about 30-50 yuan/kW/month.
For example, if the maximum demand of a company in a certain month is500kW/month, then the monthly capacity electricity bill = 500 * 40 = 2w yuan/month。
If the maximum monthly demand of the enterprise is reduced to 400kW/month through technical means, the annual electricity bill will be saved about4.8w yuan.At the same time, some provinces will impose fines on enterprises that exceed the capacity (such as exceeding the contracted electricity demand by more than 105%).
Through energy storage systems, it can be discharged during peak electricity consumption to replenish the remaining load to reduce the maximum electricity demand of enterprises or avoid fines for overloading.
1.2 Policy arbitrage
This part mainly relies on the state/local arbitrage policies related to energy storage, such as direct subsidies from local finances, peak discharge subsidies, and integration of photovoltaic and storage.
1. Direct subsidies from local finances
- Shenzhen Pingshan District: For new energy storage projects such as sodium-ion batteries and flow batteries, subsidies will be given at 200 yuan/kWh, with a maximum of 1 million yuan for a single project.
- Shanghai Jing’an District: Energy storage projects can be supported by 50% of municipal subsidies, with a maximum of 2 million yuan for a single project.
- Chengdu: For energy storage projects with an annual utilization time of ≥ 600 hours, a subsidy of 230 yuan/kW· per year will be subsidized, with a maximum of 1 million yuan for a single project for three consecutive years.
2. Peak discharge subsidy
- Pingyang County, Wenzhou, Zhejiang: User-side energy storage can receive a subsidy of 1 yuan/kWh for discharging during peak load periods.
- Jiangsu, Guangdong and other demand response subsidies: Enterprises participating in power grid peak shaving and valley filling can receive response subsidies of 0.5~5 yuan/kW·time.
3. Photovoltaic and storage integration subsidies
- Guangdong case: photovoltaic + energy storage projects can increase the proportion of spontaneous self-consumption, reduce solar abandonment, superimpose peak and valley arbitrage, and shorten the payback period to 2~3 years.
- Zhejiang policy: energy storage and charging when photovoltaic surplus at noon, peak discharge, and improve overall income.
2. Reliability requirements
Reliability requirements refer to the application of energy storage systems as emergency power sources and emergency use in emergency scenarios such as power outages to ensure the continuity of enterprise production and the protection of key equipment. And the energy storage system can replace high-priced grid power supply in scenarios such as extreme weather and soaring electricity prices.
Implementation:
- Through the black start support of the energy storage system, it can quickly switch to energy storage power supply in the event of a grid failure to ensure the operation of critical loads.
- Extreme electricity price hedging strategy: When electricity prices soar in the electricity market (such as extreme weather), use energy storage to replace high-priced grid power supply.
3. Sustainability needs
Sustainability needs mainly include enterprises relying on the configuration of energy storage systems to improve green power consumption capabilities, achieve carbon emission reduction, and empower enterprises to output ESG reports and improve corporate ratings.
3.1 Improve the capacity of green electricity consumption
Green power such as wind and solar has the characteristics of intermittent and uncertainty, and needs to be connected through energy storage systems to smoothly cut load and reduce power abandonment.
3.2 Achieve carbon emission reduction
Enterprises rely on traditional thermal power for electricity, which indirectly generates Scope 2 carbon emissions (purchased electricity), and enterprises can maximize the proportion of green electricity use and reduce carbon emissions through photovoltaic/wind + energy storage.
Case: Apple’s supply chain enterprises achieve 100% renewable energy power supply through energy storage + green electricity.
3.3 Support ESG reporting and improve corporate ratings
ESG core indicators
- Environment (E): green electricity ratio, carbon emission intensity
- Society(S): Participate in demand response and support grid stability
- Governance (G): Digital and transparent energy management
How does energy storage improve ESG value?
- Data traceability: Record green electricity use and carbon emission reduction data through EMS systems or cloud platforms to facilitate ESG disclosure.
- Energy storage products have obtained green certifications, such as RE100, ISO14064, etc., to enhance investor confidence.
4. Value-added service demand
Industrial and commercial energy storage can not only reduce electricity costs through peak-valley arbitrage and capacity electricity cost management, but also create additional benefits through value-added services and improve project economics.
4.1 Participate in demand-side response and earn grid subsidies
When the power grid is at peak power consumption or tight supply, it guides users to adjust their electricity consumption behavior (such as reducing load or calling for energy storage and discharge) through economic incentives to maintain the balance of the power system.
Enterprises participate in the response by configuring energy storage systems through peak shaving and valley filling and emergency frequency regulation.
Case: An industrial park in Shenzhen participates in demand response through 1MW/2MWh energy storage, increasing annual revenue by about 200,000 yuan (superimposed peak and valley arbitrage).
4.2 Participate in electricity trading and capacity leasing business
Enterprises can also participate in electricity spot trading to reduce the cost of electricity purchases, or sell electricity as a distributed energy source electricity spot provider. At the same time, it can be used as a capacity lessor to provide capacity leasing services to obtain diversified economic value.
4.3 Energy management services
Enterprises can access the load through the energy storage system + EMS + cloud platform to create an enterprise-level intelligent power consumption IOT scenario and energy comprehensive management platform. To achieve intelligent load management, dynamically adjust production plans, promote green electricity consumption and utilization, and achieve demand control and other needs.
The energy management platform can optimize business decision data analysis and further improve the ESG pass rate through green power traceability and energy consumption data visualization.
summary
The core needs of industrial and commercial energy storage systems mainly include the needs of economy, reliability, sustainability and value-added services.
- Economy: Configure energy storage systems to arbitrage through peak-valley electricity price differences, or reduce maximum demand to reduce electricity costs, and respond to relevant policies to apply for subsidies.
- Reliability: Using energy storage systems as an emergency power source ensures production continuity and protects important equipment assets in power outage scenarios, and can avoid fines from power companies by adjusting excess loads.
- Sustainability: Increase the capacity to absorb green electricity, reduce carbon emissions, improve the competitiveness of enterprises in obtaining ESG reports, empower corporate ratings, and help enterprises develop green and sustainably.
- Value-added services: Participate in demand-side response and electricity trading, and can bring diversified profit points through capacity leasing services. Focusing on the energy storage system, build an intelligent energy comprehensive management IOT platform to achieve load management and dynamically adjust production plans.
